CrystalClear® Nitrifier is also an all-natural bacteria and enzyme based product specifically designed to remove green water, ammonia, nitrite and nitrate. It contains special bacteria that will safely convert ammonia to nitrite and nitrite to nitrate via a process known as nitrification. Once this process is complete toxic ammonia has been converted to harmless nitrate which will be utilized by aquatic plants. Ammonia is extremely toxic in its unionized form and nontoxic in its ionized form. This can be controlled by keeping pond water at low pH levels. At low pH levels ammonia will ionize and at levels higher than 7.2 ammonia begins to unionize and become more and more toxic. Ammonia at high levels will burn the surface of fish scales and gills, thereby stressing the fish to the point of death. This serious dilemma can be diverted by simply applying CrystalClear® Nitrifier on a weekly basis to either the filter or the entire surface area of the pond. In extreme cases the application of CrystalClear® Nitrifier may need to be increased. treats 5,000 gallons. Application Rate: 2 oz. treats 500 gallons, 4 oz. treats 1,000 gallons, 1 bottle treats 5,000 gallons Treat pond once a week, if possible.